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Kartų solidarumas Lietuvoje: anūkų priežiūros įtaka senelių geroveiPublication[Grandparents' childcare support in Lithuania: predictors and consequences for well-being]research articleSociologija. Mintis ir veiksmasRemiantis tarpgeneracinėmis solidarumo bei konflikto teorijomis, straipsnyje analizuojama senelių pagalba prižiūrint anūkus Lietuvoje. Straipsnis pagrįstas 2009 metais Demografinių tyrimų instituto atlikto „Kartų ir lyčių tyrimo“ duomenimis, kurie parodė, kad aktyviausiai senelių vaidmuo yra atliekamas nuo 50-ties iki 65-rių metų, o apie pusė anūkus prižiūrinčių senelių dar ir dirba. Svarbiausi veiksniai, lemiantys senelių dalyvavimą prižiūrint anūkus, yra senelių lytis, santuokinis statusas, subjektyvus sveikatos vertinimas bei tai, ar gyvena kartu su anūkas, ar atskirai. Siekiant nustatyti senelių dalyvavimo prižiūrint anūkus sąsajas su jų gerove, naudotas Demografinių tyrimų institute sukurtas gerovės indeksas, susijęs su demografiniais procesais. Paaiškėjo, kad senelių dalyvavimas prižiūrint anūkus susijęs ne su visais, bet tik tam tikrais senelių gerovės aspektais. Straipsnyje ir aptariama šių skirtingų gerovės aspektų diferenciacija pagal anūkų priežiūros pagalbos teikimą ar neteikimą bei kitus svarbius veiksnius – senelių amžių, lytį bei užimtumo statusą. Lietuvių karo pabėgėlių profesinis rengimas Vakarų Vokietijoje 1944-1950 m. (vidurinis ir aukštesnysis ugdymas)Publication[Lithuanian refugee professional training in West Germany in 1944-1950 (secondary and higher education)]research articleMokslo ir technikos raida = Evolution of science and technology : mokslo istorijos žurnalasPokario Vakarų Vokietijoje 1944–1950 m. atsidūrė iš Lietuvos pabėgusi didelė lietuvių tautos elito dalis, supratusi išsilavinimo reikšmę. Visapusiškai panaudodami ikikarinės nepriklausomos Lietuvos ugdymo patirtį, 1944–1950 m. Vakarų Vokietijoje gyvenę lietuviai sunkiomis ir neįprastomis sąlygomis ne tik atkūrė tarpukario Lietuvos viduriniojo ir aukštesniojo ugdymo sistemą, kurią sudarė vaikų darželiai, pradžios mokyklos, progimnazijos bei gimnazijos, bet buvo įkurtos ir kelios specialiosios (profesinės) mokyklos. Kryptingas Lietuvių tremtinių bendruomenės (LTB) Švietimo valdybos darbas ir mokytojų profesinis pasirengimas, entuziazmas bei pasiaukojimas lėmė Vokietijoje ekstremaliomis sąlygomis veikusių mokymo įstaigų profesinio parengimo lygį, adekvatų pokario sąlygoms ir tenkinantį daugelio lietuvių jaunimo profesinio rengimo poreikį. The specifics of measurement the urban competitiveness at the national and international levelPublication[Miestų konkurencingumo vertinimo nacionaliniu ir tarptautiniu mastu ypatumai]research articleInžinerinė ekonomika = Engineering economicsThe article involves analysis of urban competitiveness from the national and international perspective. The analysis is focused on possibilities of application of different methods, widely used for the assessment of both the company‘s, national and regional competitiveness, as well as on identification of advantages and disadvantages of such methods. The article also involves introduction of methodological guidelines on the assessment of urban competitiveness from the national and international perspective, based on results of theoretical and empirical analysis. The empirical study is based on analysis of the sample of Kaunas, the second largest city of Lithuania. From the national perspective the assessment of Kaunas city competitiveness is based on comparing it with other major cities of Lithuania – the country‘s capital Vilnius and Klaipeda, by employing statistical data of 2007-2010. The availability of official data at the regional level revealed that the assessment of international competitiveness of the cities, located in regions which, based on the territorial statistics units nomenclature, are attached to the third level (NUTS 3), should be equaled to the regional competitiveness itself. Measurement of Kaunas city and region competitiveness from the international perspective is based on statistical data of 2007-2011. The identification of specifics of measurement the urban competitiveness at the national and international level, presented in the article, is one of the ambitions to promote the methodological background for urban governance and improvement of competitiveness of Lithuanian cities. The article presents the continuity of the research work of the authors in the sphere of urban competitiveness measurement.- journal articleActa historica universitatis Klaipedensis: Klaipėdos krašto konfesinis paveldas: tarpdisciplininiai senųjų kapinių tyrimai = Confessional heritage of Klaipėda region: interdisciplinary research into the old cemeterie
- research articleActa agriculturae Scandinavica. Section B, Soil and plant scienceThis paper presents water erosion data of three stationary series of field experiments (each analysing 10 land plots) on various steepness slopes with different soil texture of the hilly topography of Western Lithuania (Zemaiciai Upland). Six different erosion-preventive crop rotations (four field crop rotations and two perennial grasses for sward formation) were investigated. It was demonstrated that extent of water erosion depends on erosion-preventative capabilities of different crop rotations, slope gradient, soil texture and the amount of precipitations. According to the results of long-term experiments, the mean annual erosion rate under the grass–grain rotation decreased by 95.0% compared with crop rotation with black fallow. The annual soil loss (SL) due to water erosion in the crop rotation with bare fallow was estimated to be between 0.01 and 18.56 t ha−1 yr−1. Usage of long-term grass sward completely prevented soil erosion. Perennial grasses and grass−grain crop rotations also prevented soil erosion on slopes during rainstorm (41–65 mm of precipitation during the day). However, even grain–grass rotations could not completely prevent the water erosion on the 9°–11° slopes with light textured soils. SL rate in 5-year rotation was 1.64 and 1.41 t ha−1 yr−1, respectively. Soil water erosion and nutrient losses are effectively inhibited by long-lived perennial grasses. Covering slopes with erosion-preventive sward forming perennial grasses in many cases prevented available potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) loss from inside the soil, however, the K and P losses resulting from runoff were 0.005–1.0 and 0.001–0.071 kg ha−1, respectively.
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Most cited
- research articleLancet. London : The Lancet Publishing Group, 2003, vol. 362, iss. 9386., p. 782-788Background. Treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors reduces the rate of cardiovascular events among patients with left-ventricular dysfunction and those at high risk of such events. We assessed whether the ACE inhibitor perindopril reduced cardiovascular risk in a low-risk population with stable coronary heart disease and no apparent heart failure. Methods We recruited patients from October, 1997, to June, 2000. 13 655 patients were registered with previous myocardial infarction (64%), angiographic evidence of coronary artery disease (61%), coronary revascularisation (55%), or a positive stress test only (5%). After a run-in period of 4 weeks, in which all patients received perindopril, 12 218 patients were randomly assigned perindopril 8 mg once daily (n=6110), or matching placebo (n=6108). The mean follow-up was 4.2 years, and the primary endpoint was cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or cardiac arrest. Analysis was by intention to treat...
Scopus© Citations 2041 10WOS© IF 18.316WOS© AIF 3.971 - research articleFronties in ecology and the environment. Hoboken : Wiley, 2010, vol. 8, iss. 3., p. 135-144Recent comprehensive data provided through the DAISIE project (www.europe-aliens.org) have facilitated the development of the first pan-European assessment of the impacts of alien plants, vertebrates, and invertebrates – in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments – on ecosystem services. There are 1094 species with documented ecological impacts and 1347 with economic impacts. The two taxonomic groups with the most species causing impacts are terrestrial invertebrates and terrestrial plants. The North Sea is the maritime region that suffers the most impacts. Across taxa and regions, ecological and economic impacts are highly correlated. Terrestrial invertebrates create greater economic impacts than ecological impacts, while the reverse is true for terrestrial plants. Alien species from all taxonomic groups affect “supporting”, “provisioning”, “regulating”, and “cultural” services and interfere with human well-being. Terrestrial vertebrates are responsible for the greatest range of impacts, and these are widely distributed across Europe. Here, we present a review of the financial costs, as the first step toward calculating an estimate of the economic consequences of alien species in Europe.
3Scopus© Citations 795WOS© IF 8.82WOS© AIF 2.729 Grasping at the routes of biological invasions: a framework for integrating pathways into policyPublicationresearch articleJournal of applied ecology. Hoboken : Wiley-Blackwell, 2008, vol. 45, iss. 2., p. 403-4141. Pathways describe the processes that result in the introduction of alien species from one location to another. A framework is proposed to facilitate the comparative analysis of invasion pathways by a wide range of taxa in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Comparisons with a range of data helped identify existing gaps in current knowledge of pathways and highlight the limitations of existing legislation to manage introductions of alien species. The scheme aims for universality but uses the European Union as a case study for the regulatory perspectives. 2. Alien species may arrive and enter a new region through three broad mechanisms: importation of a commodity, arrival of a transport vector, and/or natural spread from a neighbouring region where the species is itself alien. These three mechanisms result in six principal pathways: release, escape, contaminant, stowaway, corridor and unaided. 3. Alien species transported as commodities may be introduced as a deliberate release or as an escape from captivity. Many species are not intentionally transported but arrive as a contaminant of a commodity, for example pathogens and pests. Stowaways are directly associated with human transport but arrive independently of a specific commodity, for example organisms transported in ballast water, cargo and airfreight. The corridor pathway highlights the role transport infrastructures play in the introduction of alien species. The unaided pathway describes situations where natural spread results in alien species arriving into a new region from a donor region where it is also alien. 4. Vertebrate pathways tend to be characterized as deliberate releases, invertebrates as contaminants and plants as escapes. Pathogenic micro-organisms and fungi are generally introduced as contaminants of their hosts. The corridor and unaided pathways are often ignored in pathway assessments but warrant further detailed consideration. 5. Synthesis and applications. Intentional releases and escapes should be straightforward to monitor and regulate but, in practice, developing legislation has proved difficult. New introductions continue to occur through contaminant, stowaway, corridor and unaided pathways. These pathways represent special challenges for management and legislation. The present framework should enable these trends to be monitored more clearly and hopefully lead to the development of appropriate regulations or codes of practice to stem the number of future introductions.Scopus© Citations 697 2WOS© IF 4.56WOS© AIF 2.626 Disentangling the role of environmental and human pressures on biological invasions across EuropePublicationresearch articleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Washington : National Academy of Sciences, 2010, vol. 107, no. 27., p. 12157-12162The accelerating rates of international trade, travel, and transport in the latter half of the twentieth century have led to the progressive mixing of biota from across the world and the number of species introduced to new regions continues to increase. The importance of biogeographic, climatic, economic, and demographic factors as drivers of this trend is increasingly being realized but as yet there is no consensus regarding their relative importance. Whereas little may be done to mitigate the effects of geography and climate on invasions, a wider range of options may exist to moderate the impacts of economic and demographic drivers. Here we use the most recent data available from Europe to partition between macroecological, economic, and demographic variables the variation in alien species richness of bryophytes, fungi, vascular plants, terrestrial insects, aquatic invertebrates, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Only national wealth and human population density were statistically significant predictors in the majority of models when analyzed jointly with climate, geography, and land cover. The economic and demographic variables reflect the intensity of human activities and integrate the effect of factors that directly determine the outcome of invasion such as propagule pressure, pathways of introduction, eutrophication, and the intensity of anthropogenic disturbance. The strong influence of economic and demographic variables on the levels of invasion by alien species demonstrates that future solutions to the problem of biological invasions at a national scale lie in mitigating the negative environmental consequences of human activities that generate wealth and by promoting more sustainable population growth.Scopus© Citations 413 4WOS© IF 9.771WOS© AIF 8.741 A world of liesPublicationresearch articleJournal of cross-cultural psychology. Thousand Oaks : SAGE publications, 2006, vol. 37, no. 1., p. 60-74This article reports two worldwide studies of stereotypes about liars. These studies are carried out in 75 different countries and 43 different languages. In Study 1, participants respond to the open-ended question “How can you tell when people are lying?” In Study 2, participants complete a questionnaire about lying. These two studies reveal a dominant pan-cultural stereotype: that liars avert gaze. The authors identify other common beliefs and offer a social control interpretation.9Scopus© Citations 279WOS© IF 1.923WOS© AIF 1.502