Priešsėlių įtaka žieminių javų produktyvumui ir jų fitopatologinei būklei Vakarų Lietuvoje

Abstract

The experiments were conducted at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, V žaiciai Branch in 2002–2006. The aim of the present research was to assess the impact of using different preceding crops including red clover, white clover, lucerne and timothy as green manure on the productivity formation of winter cereal and on occurrence of cereal diseases. The highest content of nitrogen (303.6 kg ha-1), phosphorus (74.0 kg ha-1) and potassium (199.9 kg ha-1) was contributed to the soil with the addition of lucerne residues and aftermath. The highest grain yield – on average 2.85 t ha-1 of winter triticale and 3.03 t ha-1 of winter rye was obtained compared to grain yield following similarly managed red and white clovers. Different growing conditions of winter cereals, i. e. different preceding crops, had a significant effect on the occurrence of scald and brown rust. In rye and triticale preceded by white and red clover we identified a more intensive occurrence of scald and brown rust, compared with other preceding crops: lucerne and timothy. The incidence and severity of these diseases was significantly affected by the number of plants and stems of cereal.